Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, Dyscalculia: A Quick Guide
DYSLEXIADyslexia literally means 'difficulty with words', and was originally used to denote difficulty with reading. Over the years, the term dyslexia has gradually broadened in meaning. It is now generally used to denote difficulties with:
In adults, difficulties with literacy skills may sometimes be subtle and difficult to spot. For example, a dyslexic adult may read and write with reasonable accuracy, but may be exceptionally slow in carrying out these activities. Dyslexic difficulties do not impair intellectual ability or creativity.
DYSPRAXIA
Dyspraxia literally means 'difficulty in carrying out an action', and, in the medical world, the term specifically denotes difficulty with planning and executing movement. In the educational world, the definition is usually broadened to include also difficulty with spatial and perceptual skills, and sometimes also social skills. Dyspraxia is on a continuum with dyslexia, and also with other learning difficulties such as Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder (ADHD) and Asperger's Syndrome. For information on these last two syndromes, visit danda.org.uk
DYSCALCULIA
Dyscalculia denotes difficulty with understanding mathematical concepts and dealing generally with numbers. The term is often also used for the difficulties such as writing down numbers incorrectly, or misreading written maths problems. However, these types of difficulty of probably better seen as dyslexic rather than dyscalculic.
© Author of this article: Dr Sylvia Moody, Dyslexia Assessment Service, London. This article can be freely reproduced with due attribution of authorship.